How the Universe Works S01E01 Big Bang 1080p _ENG_Subtitles01 Movie Subtitles

00:00:03,171 --> 00:00:07,Narrator: STARS --
THEY'RE BIG, THEY'RE HOT,

00:00:07,308 --> 00:00:09,AND THEY ARE EVERYWHERE.

00:00:09,577 --> 00:00:12,STARS RULE THE UNIVERSE.

00:00:12,080 --> 00:00:15,OUR DESTINY IS LINKED
TO THE DESTINY OF STARS.

00:00:15,949 --> 00:00:21,Narrator: BORN IN VIOLENCE,
DYING IN EPIC EXPLOSIONS.

00:00:22,690 --> 00:00:26,THEY FILL THE UNIVERSE
WITH STARDUST,

00:00:26,227 --> 00:00:28,THE BUILDING BLOCKS OF LIFE.

00:00:28,796 --> 00:00:31,EVERY ATOM IN YOUR BODY

00:00:31,099 --> 00:00:34,WAS PRODUCED
INSIDE THE FIERY CORE OF A STAR.

00:00:34,302 --> 00:00:38,Narrator: STARS ARE WHAT
MAKE OUR UNIVERSE WORK.

00:00:38,272 --> 00:00:41,ALL LIFE BEGINS HERE.

00:00:41,175 --> 00:00:44,-- Captions by VITAC --
www.vitac.com

00:00:44,178 --> 00:00:47,CAPTIONS PAID FOR BY
DISCOVERY COMMUNICATIONS

00:00:56,590 --> 00:01:01,THE NIGHT SKY IS PACKED
WITH STARS.

00:01:07,235 --> 00:01:09,ON A CLEAR NIGHT IN THE COUNTRY,
IF YOU'RE LUCKY,

00:01:09,503 --> 00:01:11,YOU CAN SEE MAYBE 3,000 STARS.

00:01:11,372 --> 00:01:14,BUT THAT'S JUST THE TIP
OF A VAST COSMIC ICEBERG.

00:01:15,243 --> 00:01:19,IN OUR GALAXY ALONE, THERE ARE
OVER 100 BILLION STARS.

00:01:19,513 --> 00:01:22,AND, IN FACT, THERE ARE
OVER 100 BILLION GALAXIES

00:01:22,150 --> 00:01:23,IN THE OBSERVABLE UNIVERSE.

00:01:23,617 --> 00:01:26,THERE ARE MORE STARS THAN THERE
ARE SPECKS OF SAND ON EARTH.

00:01:29,923 --> 00:01:32,Narrator:
EVERY STAR IS POWERFUL,

00:01:32,326 --> 00:01:34,CREATING THE BASIC MATTER

00:01:34,162 --> 00:01:36,FOR EVERYTHING
IN THE UNIVERSE...

00:01:38,932 --> 00:01:40,...INCLUDING US.

00:01:49,643 --> 00:01:53,MOST ARE SO FAR AWAY,
WE KNOW LITTLE ABOUT THEM.

00:01:56,517 --> 00:02:00,BUT THERE IS ONE STAR
THAT'S REALLY CLOSE,

00:02:00,321 --> 00:02:03,AND VIRTUALLY EVERYTHING
WE KNOW ABOUT STARS,

00:02:03,457 --> 00:02:05,WE'VE LEARNED
FROM THAT NEIGHBOR.

00:02:05,759 --> 00:02:08,THE SUNLIGHT FROM OUR SUN
THAT BATHES US

00:02:08,462 --> 00:02:11,AND WARMS US EVERY DAY
IS NOTHING BUT STARLIGHT

00:02:11,899 --> 00:02:15,BECAUSE OUR SUN IS NOTHING
BUT A STAR LIKE ALL THE REST.

00:02:17,438 --> 00:02:19,Narrator:
SEEN FROM EARTH,

00:02:19,307 --> 00:02:22,OUR SUN IS A BLINDING BALL
OF LIGHT.

00:02:22,843 --> 00:02:24,BUT TAKE AWAY THE GLARE,

00:02:24,778 --> 00:02:28,AND ONE OF THE MOST
POWERFUL OBJECTS IN THE UNIVERSE

00:02:28,349 --> 00:02:31,APPEARS IN OUR OWN BACKYARD.

00:02:31,219 --> 00:02:35,IT'S A BALL OF SUPERHEATED GAS
THAT'S BEEN LIGHTING

00:02:35,389 --> 00:02:39,OUR SOLAR SYSTEM
FOR 4.6 BILLION YEARS

00:02:39,327 --> 00:02:43,AND DOMINATES ALL LIFE ON EARTH.

00:02:43,231 --> 00:02:46,THE SUN
IS 93 MILLION MILES AWAY.

00:02:46,267 --> 00:02:48,AND THAT MEANS,
IN ACTUALITY, IT'S IMMENSE.

00:02:49,703 --> 00:02:52,YOU COULD FIT A MILLION EARTHS
INSIDE THE SUN.

00:02:58,679 --> 00:03:01,Narrator: IT'S NEARLY
A MILLION MILES IN DIAMETER,

00:03:01,148 --> 00:03:03,YET OUR SUN IS TINY

00:03:03,251 --> 00:03:06,COMPARED TO THE REALLY BIG STARS
OUT THERE.

00:03:10,258 --> 00:03:15,ETA CARINAE -- OVER FIVE MILLION
TIMES LARGER THAN OUR SUN.

00:03:19,867 --> 00:03:25,BETELGEUSE -- 300 TIMES LARGER
THAN ETA CARINAE.

00:03:25,273 --> 00:03:29,IF IT WAS OUR SUN, IT WOULD
REACH AS FAR OUT AS JUPITER.

00:03:32,613 --> 00:03:37,AND THEN THERE'S THIS MONSTER --
V.Y. CANIS MAJORIS,

00:03:37,418 --> 00:03:40,THE LARGEST STAR
EVER DISCOVERED.

00:03:40,288 --> 00:03:43,A BILLION TIMES BIGGER
THAN OUR SUN.

00:03:49,129 --> 00:03:54,STARS BURN IN DIFFERENT COLORS,
FROM RED TO YELLOW TO BLUE.

00:03:54,502 --> 00:03:56,SOME LIVE ALONE.

00:03:58,506 --> 00:04:02,OTHERS IN PAIRS,
ORBITING EACH OTHER...

00:04:05,746 --> 00:04:09,...AND COMING TOGETHER
IN HUGE GALAXIES --

00:04:09,683 --> 00:04:14,ENTIRE CITIES
MADE UP OF BILLIONS OF STARS.

00:04:23,331 --> 00:04:26,EACH STAR IS A ONE OF A KIND.

00:04:28,336 --> 00:04:31,BUT THEY ALL START LIFE
IN THE SAME WAY...

00:04:31,639 --> 00:04:35,AS CLOUDS OF DUST AND GAS
CALLED NEBULAS.

00:04:41,214 --> 00:04:43,MANY BILLIONS OF MILES ACROSS,

00:04:43,851 --> 00:04:47,THEY DRIFT THROUGH SPACE,
FORMING SPECTACULAR SHAPES.

00:04:50,758 --> 00:04:53,THE FLAME NEBULA.

00:04:56,997 --> 00:04:59,THE HORSEHEAD NEBULA.

00:05:02,470 --> 00:05:04,THE ORION NEBULA.

00:05:04,037 --> 00:05:06,EACH NEBULA IS A STAR NURSERY

00:05:06,640 --> 00:05:10,WHERE MILLIONS OF NEW STARS
ARE BEING BORN.

00:05:15,383 --> 00:05:18,BUT THIS BIRTH
IS HIDDEN FROM VIEW.

00:05:20,821 --> 00:05:23,Dr. Thaller: SOME OF THE MORE
DRAMATIC PARTS OF A NEBULA

00:05:23,156 --> 00:05:25,ARE NOT
THE BEAUTIFUL GLOWING GAS

00:05:25,158 --> 00:05:27,THAT YOU SEE BUT THE DARK PARTS.

00:05:27,695 --> 00:05:30,THE DARK PARTS HAVE AREAS
OF DENSE GAS AND DUST,

00:05:30,698 --> 00:05:32,AND THAT'S WHERE
THE REAL ACTION IS HAPPENING

00:05:33,000 --> 00:05:34,IN TERMS OF STAR FORMATION.

00:05:36,236 --> 00:05:38,THE DUST CLOUDS ARE SO THICK,

00:05:38,672 --> 00:05:41,REGULAR TELESCOPES
CAN'T SEE INSIDE.

00:05:43,210 --> 00:05:46,Dr. Thaller: THERE'S NOTHING
MORE IMPORTANT TO US THAN STARS,

00:05:46,414 --> 00:05:47,BUT FOR A LONG TIME,

00:05:47,548 --> 00:05:49,THE WAY THEY FORMED
WAS A COMPLETE MYSTERY.

00:05:49,550 --> 00:05:51,WE COULDN'T OBSERVE THEM.
IMAGINE THAT.

00:05:51,552 --> 00:05:54,WE COULD NOT SEE THE FIRST
MOMENTS OF A STAR AT ALL.

00:05:54,688 --> 00:05:59,Narrator:
UNTIL 2004 WHEN NASA LAUNCHED
THE SPITZER SPACE TELESCOPE.

00:05:59,893 --> 00:06:02,Man:
AND LIFTOFF.

00:06:02,563 --> 00:06:03,SEEKING HIDDEN SECRETS

00:06:03,864 --> 00:06:06,AND THE EVOLUTION
OF OUR UNIVERSE.

00:06:24,351 --> 00:06:27,SPITZER IS
AN INFRARED TELESCOPE.

00:06:27,220 --> 00:06:29,IT ONLY SEES HEAT.

00:06:31,859 --> 00:06:34,HEAT PASSES THROUGH
THE THICK DUST OF THE NEBULAS,

00:06:34,995 --> 00:06:40,ALLOWING SPITZER TO SEE
NEW STARS COMING TO LIFE INSIDE.

00:06:41,769 --> 00:06:44,THESE REMARKABLE PICTURES

00:06:44,271 --> 00:06:47,CAPTURE THE EARLIEST MOMENTS
IN A STAR'S LIFE

00:06:47,475 --> 00:06:51,AS POCKETS OF HYDROGEN GAS
BEGIN TO HEAT UP.

00:06:52,480 --> 00:06:56,Dr. Thaller: ANY LITTLE BIT
OF GAS AND DUST IS GLOWING.

00:06:56,316 --> 00:07:00,AREAS THAT WERE ENTIRELY DARK
NOW BECAME BRIGHT.

00:07:02,355 --> 00:07:04,WE CAN ACTUALLY SEE
THE VERY EARLIEST PARTS

00:07:04,492 --> 00:07:05,OF STAR FORMATION.

00:07:11,231 --> 00:07:16,ALL YOU NEED TO MAKE A STAR
IS HYDROGEN, GRAVITY, AND TIME.

00:07:16,336 --> 00:07:23,GRAVITY PULLS THE DUST AND GAS
INTO A GIANT SWIRLING VORTEX.

00:07:23,176 --> 00:07:25,Dr. Thaller:
GRAVITY BRINGS MATTER TOGETHER.

00:07:25,679 --> 00:07:27,AND WHEN YOU BRING
MATTER TOGETHER

00:07:27,548 --> 00:07:30,AND YOU SQUEEZE THINGS
INTO SMALLER SPACES,

00:07:30,317 --> 00:07:31,THEY NECESSARILY HEAT UP.

00:07:31,585 --> 00:07:33,IT'S A SIMPLE LAW OF CHEMISTRY.

00:07:33,220 --> 00:07:36,YOU COMPRESS SOMETHING,
YOU DRIVE THE TEMPERATURE UP.

00:07:37,658 --> 00:07:40,Narrator: OVER HUNDREDS
OF THOUSANDS OF YEARS,

00:07:40,427 --> 00:07:45,THE CLOUD GETS THICKER
AND FORMS A GIANT SPINNING DISK

00:07:45,298 --> 00:07:47,BIGGER THAN
OUR ENTIRE SOLAR SYSTEM.

00:07:47,535 --> 00:07:50,AT ITS CENTER,
GRAVITY CRUSHES THE GAS

00:07:50,871 --> 00:07:55,INTO A SUPERDENSE,
SUPER-HOT BALL.

00:07:55,543 --> 00:07:58,PRESSURE BUILDS
UNTIL HUGE JETS OF GAS

00:07:58,846 --> 00:08:00,BURST OUT FROM THE CENTER.

00:08:04,417 --> 00:08:05,Dr. Thaller:
THAT REALLY SHOWS YOU

00:08:05,953 --> 00:08:08,HOW VIOLENT A PROCESS
STAR FORMATION IS.

00:08:11,091 --> 00:08:13,THESE JETS
ARE MANY LIGHT-YEARS ACROSS.

00:08:14,027 --> 00:08:17,SOMETHING IS LITERALLY
ACCELERATING MATERIAL VERY FAST

00:08:17,330 --> 00:08:19,ACROSS UNIMAGINABLE DISTANCES.

00:08:23,737 --> 00:08:26,Narrator:
GRAVITY KEEPS THE PRESSURE ON,

00:08:26,206 --> 00:08:28,SUCKING IN GAS
AND DUST PARTICLES

00:08:28,676 --> 00:08:33,THAT SMASH INTO EACH OTHER,
GENERATING MORE AND MORE HEAT.

00:08:37,184 --> 00:08:39,OVER THE NEXT
HALF A MILLION YEARS,

00:08:39,853 --> 00:08:44,THE YOUNG STAR GETS SMALLER,
BRIGHTER, AND HOTTER.

00:08:44,324 --> 00:08:48,TEMPERATURES AT ITS CORE
REACH 15 MILLION DEGREES.

00:08:53,100 --> 00:08:55,ONLY AT THAT
MIND-BOGGLING TEMPERATURE

00:08:55,769 --> 00:08:58,CAN ATOMS OF GAS
BEGIN TO FUSE TOGETHER,

00:08:58,939 --> 00:09:02,RELEASING MASSIVE AMOUNTS
OF ENERGY.

00:09:19,026 --> 00:09:22,AND JUST LIKE THAT,
A STAR IS BORN.

00:09:30,037 -->...