PBS.NOVA.2005.Einsteins.Big.Idea Movie Subtitles

1 00:00:10,378 --> 00:00:12,511 (ticking) 2 00:00:15,683 --> 00:00:17,182 MAN: When we think of E equals m c-squared, 3 00:00:17,184 --> 00:00:19,585 we have this vision of Einstein as an old, wrinkly man 4 00:00:19,587 --> 00:00:20,953 with white hair. 5 00:00:20,955 --> 00:00:25,090 MAN 2: E equals m c-squared is not about an old Einstein. 6 00:00:27,762 --> 00:00:31,196 It's actually about a young, energetic, dynamic, 7 00:00:31,198 --> 00:00:32,965 even a s***y Einstein. 8 00:00:35,002 --> 00:00:38,170 ACTOR AS EINSTEIN: What would I see if I rode on a beam of light? 9 00:00:44,812 --> 00:00:46,378 MAN: Perhaps some sort 10 00:00:46,380 --> 00:00:48,747 of electrical force is emanating 11 00:00:48,749 --> 00:00:49,848 outwards from the wire. 12 00:00:49,850 --> 00:00:51,083 What? 13 00:00:51,085 --> 00:00:52,151 MAN: Faraday, my dear boy, 14 00:00:52,153 --> 00:00:53,585 electricity flows through a wire, 15 00:00:53,587 --> 00:00:55,788 not sideways to it. 16 00:00:55,790 --> 00:00:57,356 You see, John? 17 00:00:57,358 --> 00:00:58,023 You see? 18 00:01:02,830 --> 00:01:05,464 MAN: It is my great ambition to demonstrate 19 00:01:05,466 --> 00:01:09,401 that nature is a closed system; 20 00:01:09,403 --> 00:01:11,336 that in any transformation, 21 00:01:11,338 --> 00:01:16,041 no amount of matter, no mass, is ever lost, 22 00:01:16,043 --> 00:01:17,543 and none is gained. 23 00:01:19,613 --> 00:01:20,646 The people... 24 00:01:20,648 --> 00:01:21,980 Lavoisier. 25 00:01:21,982 --> 00:01:24,016 It is they who will determine right and wrong. 26 00:01:28,956 --> 00:01:30,722 ( both laughing ) 27 00:01:30,724 --> 00:01:31,723 MAN: Emilie, 28 00:01:31,725 --> 00:01:32,791 you are being absurd! 29 00:01:32,793 --> 00:01:33,826 Why ascribe to an object 30 00:01:33,828 --> 00:01:37,196 a vague and immeasurable force like vis viva? 31 00:01:37,198 --> 00:01:40,432 It is a return to the old ways! 32 00:01:40,434 --> 00:01:43,836 Are you capable of discovering something of your own? 33 00:01:43,838 --> 00:01:45,504 I discovered you! 34 00:01:45,506 --> 00:01:48,640 WOMAN: There is no right time for the truth. 35 00:01:54,381 --> 00:01:55,614 Fr?ulein Meitner? 36 00:01:55,616 --> 00:01:56,548 Yes? 37 00:01:56,550 --> 00:01:57,483 Otto Hahn. 38 00:01:58,953 --> 00:02:00,586 The nucleus is our focus. 39 00:02:01,655 --> 00:02:03,422 The Jewess endangers our institute. 40 00:02:03,424 --> 00:02:04,590 We can't harbor a Jew! 41 00:02:04,592 --> 00:02:08,327 If she stays, the regime will shut us all down! 42 00:02:11,799 --> 00:02:13,899 They've split the atom. 43 00:02:13,901 --> 00:02:15,267 No, no, no. 44 00:02:15,269 --> 00:02:17,202 You've split the atom! 45 00:02:19,273 --> 00:02:25,377 Energy equals mass times the square of the speed of light! 46 00:02:25,379 --> 00:02:26,311 ( laughs ) 47 00:02:30,451 --> 00:02:32,784 Would you like me to check your mathematics? 48 00:02:47,434 --> 00:02:50,636 Major funding for NOVA is provided by the following... 49 00:02:52,540 --> 00:02:55,607 Shouldn't what makes each of us unique 50 00:02:55,609 --> 00:02:59,411 supporting NOVA and promoting public understanding of science. 51 00:03:01,916 --> 00:03:05,884 Funding for "Einstein's Big Idea" is provided 52 00:03:05,886 --> 00:03:08,887 by the National Science Foundation, 53 00:03:08,889 --> 00:03:12,057 where discoveries begins. 54 00:03:12,059 --> 00:03:15,027 And by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, 55 00:03:15,029 --> 00:03:17,229 to portray the lives of men and women 56 00:03:17,231 --> 00:03:20,032 engaged in scientific and technological pursuit. 57 00:03:20,034 --> 00:03:22,935 And the U.S. Department of Energy, 58 00:03:22,937 --> 00:03:25,070 fostering science and security. 59 00:03:25,072 --> 00:03:29,875 And the Universities Research Association. 60 00:03:29,877 --> 00:03:31,743 Major funding for NOVA is also provided 61 00:03:31,745 --> 00:03:33,579 by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, 62 00:03:33,581 --> 00:03:36,148 and by PBS viewers like you-- thank you. 63 00:03:50,264 --> 00:03:52,864 NARRATOR: A hundred years ago, 64 00:03:52,866 --> 00:03:56,034 a deceptively simple formula revealed a hidden unity 65 00:03:56,036 --> 00:03:58,337 buried deep in the fabric of the universe. 66 00:04:02,643 --> 00:04:05,978 It tells of a fantastic connection 67 00:04:05,980 --> 00:04:08,580 between energy, matter and light. 68 00:04:10,884 --> 00:04:14,720 Its author was a youthful Albert Einstein. 69 00:04:14,722 --> 00:04:18,957 It's the most famous equation in the world: 70 00:04:18,959 --> 00:04:23,662 E equals m c-squared. 71 00:04:25,733 --> 00:04:27,699 MAN: All aboard! 72 00:04:30,571 --> 00:04:32,771 ( train whistle toots ) 73 00:04:32,773 --> 00:04:34,973 LITHGOW: But while we've all heard 74 00:04:34,975 --> 00:04:36,675 of Einstein's big idea, 75 00:04:36,677 --> 00:04:39,111 very few of us know what it means. 76 00:04:41,982 --> 00:04:46,551 In fact, E equals m c-squared is so remarkable 77 00:04:46,553 --> 00:04:50,756 that even Einstein wasn't sure if it was really true. 78 00:04:54,194 --> 00:04:55,494 WOMAN: Albert, darling, 79 00:04:55,496 --> 00:04:58,430 you're later than I expected. 80 00:05:00,334 --> 00:05:02,501 We've only g***t sausage and cheese tonight. 81 00:05:04,405 --> 00:05:05,771 What is it? 82 00:05:05,773 --> 00:05:07,939 We need to talk. 83 00:05:07,941 --> 00:05:09,374 Has something happened? 84 00:05:09,376 --> 00:05:10,242 Oh, no, nothing. 85 00:05:10,244 --> 00:05:12,010 Sorry, no. 86 00:05:12,012 --> 00:05:13,912 I spent most of the day 87 00:05:13,914 --> 00:05:18,183 staring out the window at work looking at trains, 88 00:05:18,185 --> 00:05:19,351 and I started to think 89 00:05:19,353 --> 00:05:24,389 about an object and how much energy it had. 90 00:05:24,391 --> 00:05:25,490 Can I explain it to you? 91 00:05:25,492 --> 00:05:26,658 Of course you can. 92 00:05:26,660 --> 00:05:29,361 But first... ( kisses ) dinner! 93 00:05:29,363 --> 00:05:31,096 Hmm? Food, then talk. 94 00:05:34,635 --> 00:05:37,336 I think the gods are laughing at me. 95 00:05:40,941 --> 00:05:44,409 LITHGOW: The gods were not laughing at Einstein. 96 00:05:44,411 --> 00:05:48,413 He'd united in one stunning insight 97 00:05:48,415 --> 00:05:51,516 the work of many who had come before him-- 98 00:05:51,518 --> 00:05:55,053 scientists who'd fought and even died 99 00:05:55,055 --> 00:05:58,123 to create each part of the equation. 100 00:05:58,125 --> 00:06:00,992 The story of E equals m c-squared 101 00:06:00,994 --> 00:06:03,462 starts long before Einstein 102 00:06:03,464 --> 00:06:06,665 with the discovery of "E" for energy. 103 00:06:19,913 --> 00:06:21,713 In the early 19th century, 104 00:06:21,715 --> 00:06:25,784 scientists didn't think in terms of "energy"; 105 00:06:25,786 --> 00:06:30,989 they thought in terms of individual "powers" or "forces." 106 00:06:30,991 --> 00:06:34,259 These were all disconnected, unrelated things: 107 00:06:34,261 --> 00:06:38,597 the power of the wind, the force of a door closing, 108 00:06:38,599 --> 00:06:40,365 a crack of lightning. 109 00:06:40,367 --> 00:06:41,500 ( thunder rumbles ) 110 00:06:41,502 --> 00:06:42,801 The idea that there might be 111 00:06:42,803 --> 00:06:46,371 some sort of overarching, unifying energy 112 00:06:46,373 --> 00:06:51,643 which lay behind all these forces had yet to be revealed. 113 00:06:51,645 --> 00:06:53,445 One lowly man's drive 114 00:06:53,447 --> 00:06:56,548 to understand the hidden mysteries of nature 115 00:06:56,550 --> 00:06:58,784 would begin to change all that. 116 00:07:05,592 --> 00:07:08,660 MAN: Young Michael Faraday hated his job. 117 00:07:08,662 --> 00:07:11,196 He was uneducated, the son of a blacksmith. 118 00:07:11,198 --> 00:07:14,099 He'd been lucky to become a bookbinder's apprentice. 119 00:07:16,136 --> 00:07:17,736 But Faraday craved one thing....